Apparatus for producing boxes or bags



' April 23, 1935. y. D. POP OV 1,993,904

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING BOXES OR BAGS Filed Oct. 31-, 19:53 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Vla-Gllwflr DmHYUGVIEJ Pcpov VB NTO E.

April 23, 1935. v. D. PoPov 1,998,904

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING BOXES OR BAGS Filed Oct. 51. 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 "null! O-dt m IY DYN'PLUQVIG Popov INVEN Patented 23,

UNITED sTATss PATENT yet-he APBARATUS ron monucm'o BOXES Vladimir Dmitrije'vil'opov, Prague-Bubenec,

. amalgam.

. Application October :1, momma vakia November 28,1932

This invention relates to an apparatus for producing boxes or bags. I The apparatus'can take the form of a selfcontalned unit for'the production of boxes or it 6 may be arranged to work in conjunction with, or may form part of, a packing machine which first constructs the boxes and subsequently fills them with the appropriate goods. The apparatus comprises two main working parts which fold the 10' paper to form the boxes and these parts are associated in such a way as to produce parallel folding action. When thesepartsarein the open position a sheet of paper is placed between them and by bringing the parts towards one another and closing them the box is formed.

The existing apparatus of this nature depend essentially upon the use of a tool, adapted to make to-and-fro straight line movements or movements over an endless path, and which engages with its forward end upon a sheet of paper arranged transversely across the path of movement of the tool to bend or fold said sheet and to move said sheet along with the tool whereupon the further folding operations are carried out upon the paper by folding devices some of which make certain required movements while others are held stationary. These apparatus have the disadvantage that the forming tool deals roughly with the paper so that delicate or fine kinds of 30 paper cannot be employed; further it cannot be ensured that the paper will retain its correct position with regard to the forming tool so that it frequently happens that badly formed boxes are pro-' duced. The movement of the paper into the incorrect position usually occurs at the instant when the leading end of the tool strikes the paper.

A further disadvantage of the known apparatus arises from the use of movable folding devices or wings which are moved by yielding means or through the medium of springs. These folding devices call for much care and attention since for a variety of reasons they do not work continuously with uniform results.

The apparatus according to the present invention is distinguished from the known apparatus, in that the paper is not arranged perpendicular to the forming tool but is arranged exactly parallel thereto and while it remains stationary it is wrapped or folded around the tool by the move- 50 ment of the other working parts (shapers) which other parts are arranged to move transversely across the path of the forming tool. As soon as the tool and the moving shaping or foldingparts are fully engaged with one another the forming tool makes a forward movement and with the 1983, Serial N0. 896,000

help of folding devices arranged stationary in the path of the tool the formation of the box is completed.

By the invention the advantage is obtained that no damage is done to the paper during formation of the box and the position of the paper acrossthe direction of movement of the forming tool is fixedly determined since the paper isalready folded around the tool in such a manner that no movement-relative to the tool can take place and thereby the possibility of producing a faultily folded box is obviated.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 illustrates the box-making apparatus in side view and diagrammatically.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view through the shaping member B and on the line I-I of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus.

Figs. 4-14 illustrate the working parts in a variety of positions which they occuy during the various stages in the production of a box.

Figs. 15 and 16 illustrate certain modifications in the apparatus, and

Fig. 1'! is a front view.

Figs. 1-13 illustrate a box forming apparatus 25.

embodying two principal forming members A and B capable of co-operating with a parallel folding action. The member A is a forming bar or tool arranged to make guided to-and-fro straight line movements in the direction indicated by 0-17. The member B is the folding member proper and is capable of swinging movements through an angle a and about a shaft I and is in the nature of a baseplate upon which folding or shaping parts are fixedly mounted to build a groove or channel 0, Figs. 1 and 2, through which the form ing tool A may move. By the controlled movements of members Aand B the applied sheets of paper are folded into boxes and the prepared boxes are elected from the apparatus.

The movement of the forming tool A is eflected for example through a rocking lever '2, pivoted on a shaft 3, engaging a disc 4 which is driven by a pulley I and belt 8 from a motor not shown, Fig. 3. 0n one side of the disc 4 is formed an excentric groove of suitable shape in which engages a roller! on the lever 2. When the disc 4 is rotatedthe lever 2 is rocked through an angle [3. the toothed sector 8 at the free end of lever 2 engages a rack 9 on the forming tool A and thereby: the to-and-fro movement a-b imparted to the tool.

On the-other side of disc 4 is formed a further excentric groove and this, through the medium of a roller Ill fast on an arm ll, imparts the swinging movement through angle a. to member B. A sheet of paper or a preformed blank such as is shown in Fig. 17 is arranged below the tool A and on the table If above the folding member B, as indicated by the line c--d in Fig. 1 and. by the movements in one direction of the tool A and folding member B the sheet or blank is folded into a box. The folding member B occupies the position 0-41. where it is inclined at an angle a to the plane 11-4 of the tool A, Fig. 3, whilst the paper is arranged within the rectangle c, d, e, j.

The table l2 functions also as a folding device, forming a wall of the channel C, Figs. 1 and 2* in a manner yet to be described.

As can be seen from Fig.1, the applied paper sheet rests with one end in contact'with the table l2 and with the other end in contact with a pressure pin l3 extending upwards through an opening in the base of the forming member B. The pressure pin I3 serves to maintain the paper firmly in engagement with the tool A as the member B commences to move so that during swinging movement of the folding member B no movement of the paper relatively to the tool can take place. This pressure -can also be achieved by means of a two-armed lever I! and a link It. One arm of the lever II carries a roller II which engages a non-circular part of the periphery of disc 4 to impart to the lever II a very slightrocking movement and thereby thrust the paper into firm contact with tool A through pressure pin II.

,The mechanism referred to above for operating the forming member B and the tool is described merely by way of example since it is obvious that other means or this purpose may be employed.

The procedure followed in making the boxes is indicated in Figs. 4-14.

In Fig. 4 the two parts A and B are shown in their open position and a sheet of paper c-'d is shown in position between them on the table I2. The shaping member B makes a swinging movement from the position g-h to the position a-k through the angle a Fig. 5 and as the movement proceeds the sheet of paper is bent or folded up between the curved projecting part of the table 12 and the lower forward edge of the tool A.

The condition of the paper at this instant is shown in Fig. 6.

As the folding or shaping member B completes its swing through the angle a Fig. 7 from position a-h to position gi the paper is bent around both of the long sides of the tool A by folding members It, l8a fixedly secured on the base plate of the member B as by screws ll, Figs. 3 and 5. The position which the two members occupy with regard to one another is indicated in Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 shows the corresponding condition of the folded paper.

As soon as the swinging movement of member B is'completed as shown in Fig. 7, the tool A commences to move to the right through the channel, and the paper above the forward end of the tool A and the side portions of the folded paper slide together towards the projecting end of the table l2 and by this member are caused to lie over the upper surface of the tool A. The tool A moves on through the channel C and encounters two side folding members 20, 20a fixed to the base plate of member B for example by screws 2|, Figs. 3 and 9. The position of the tool after passage between members 20 and 20a is shown in Fig. 11 and the condition 'of the folded paper at this instant is indicated in P18.

12. By a continuation of the movement of the tool A the final folding operation is effected through side folding members 22-420 secured as by screws 23, 23a to the baseplate of member 13, Figs. 2-11.in a similar manner to folding members II and 2|. The folding members 22 fold the paper through the medium of a suitably shaped, for example screw form edge such as v is usually employed in automatic folding apparatus. Fig. 13 indicates the tool A at the moment when it has passed between the folding members 22 andthefoldingofthennal long sidesofthev boxhasbeencarriedout. thennishedarticle beingshownupontheformingtoolinr'imli.

The tool A having made its complete traverse aF-bthe ilnishedboxor'bagmaybetransferred asby a carrier 24, Fig. 13, tosome other machine suchasapackingmachinefornllingwithgoods. The tool A moves back into its original position whichcorrespondstothatshowninl'lg.7. The 'foldingmember-Bswingsdownthrmghtheangle aandtherelativepositionsofthetwomembers AandBareasindicatedinFlg.4,thesebeing the original positions in which a new sheet of Aarrangedtomakestraightlinemovementswith regard to the folding member as indicated by the.-

arrow n -o. The further folding mtions can be carried out either by a movement ofthe formingtoolAinthedirectionorbyamovcment of the folding member B in the direction, s-t, the tool A being held against-movel'nent in a longitudinal direction.

As already indicated the described apparatus may be utilized to produce boxes from ordinary paper sheets of rectangular form c,-d, e, I'Flg. 8.

Further, paper sheets maybe fed onto the table between the tool A and the forming member B in the direction of the arrows n-v Fig. 3, so that the paper may, if desired, be taken from rolls and cut up into suitable sized sheets by means of a cutting apparatus indicated by 1:, z, and an adhesive material may be applied thereto. 3! means of the described apparatus boxes can also be made of strong cardboard and in this case it is preferable to employ preformed cardboard blanks as shown for example in Fig. 17.

The blanks may be subjected to a preliminary,-

preparation and provided with creases or scorings whereuponthey can be readily formed into boxes by the present a aratus. The procedure in manufacturing boxes using the prepared cut-out blanks is the same as in the above described process the steps in which are shown in Figs. 4-14 of the drawings.

I claim:

1. A device for producing boxes open at one end from a sheet of pliable material, comprising two members relatively movable with respect to each other in longitudinal and transversal directions, one of said members constituting a forming bar provided with a plurality of longitudinal and transversal edges, and the second member constituting a folding means, further a plurailty. ofbendingmeansrigidlyattachsd tothelstter;

said two members being adapted to embrace the sheet. whereby, during the relative movement in the one direction, the sheet is folded about several of the longitudinal and transversal edges of the said bar, while during the relative movement in the second direction, the remaining longitudinal 22d transversal edges co-operate to complete the 2. A device for producing bones open at one end from a sheet of pliable material, comprising two members relatively with respect to each other in longitudinal and traversal directions, one of said members constituting a forming bar provided with a plurality of longitudinal and transversal edges, and the second member constituting a iolding means, further a plurality of bending I means rigidly attached to the latter, and actuatwhile during the rectilinear movement of the bar the remaining longitudinal and transverse! edges co-operate to complete the box.

3. A device for producing boxes open at one end from a sheet of pliable material, comprising two members relatively movable with respect to each other in longitudinal and transversal directions, one of said members constituting a forming bar provided with a plurality of longitudinal and transversal edges, and the second member constituting a folding means, further a plurality of lengthwise and crosswise disposed bending means rigidly attached to thelatter. said .bending means and folding means forming a closed-in channel, and actuating means for producing a rectilinear movement of said first member and an oscillating movement of said second member, the

said two members embracing the sheet which, when inserted, liesparallel to the forming bar whereby, during the oscillating movement of the folding means, the sheet isfolded about several of the said longitudinal and transverse] edges of the said bar, while during the rectilinear movement of the bar, the said closed-in chanm and the remaining longitudinal and transverse! edg co-operate to complete the box.

DMI'IRIJEV IC POPOV. 

